直驱永磁同步风电机组在不同电网故障下的动态响应仿真分析

以单台2 MW直驱永磁同步风力发电机(direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator,D-PMSG)为研究对象,分别建立了风机、永磁同步电机、变流器等环节的数学模型。参考我国发布的风电场低电压穿越(low-voltage ride through,LVRT)标准,基于Matlab/Simulink建立整个系统仿真模型。对三种电压跌落故障情况下的风力发电机组动态响应特性进行仿真,对比分析不同故障下各个变量不同的变化情况;并对其相应的控制策略进行了探讨,为更进一步研究低电压穿越标准下的控制策略提供了依据。     

内陆核电站事故情况下核素迁移扩散模拟

针对某拟建内陆核电站,选择二维数值模型,运用Fluent软件模拟了受纳水体的流场及假想事故情况下放射性液态流出物的稀释扩散情况.模拟结果显示:模拟的流场基本能够反映受纳水域实际情况,短半衰期核素131I比长半衰期核素137 Cs浓度下降更快,且两者都有向上游以及泄漏点下游各支流有限扩散的趋势,流速相对较小或者存在涡流的库汊和库湾容易造成核素的长期滞留,假想事故下的污染物影响会持续50d以上.     

基于随机过程的南通市西山河水质超标风险分析

以南通市西山河为研究对象,通过现场采样、实验室检测获取了氨氮、总磷、六价铬、挥发酚及COD等水质指标的监测数据．采用基于复合泊松过程建立的天然水体水质超标的随机风险模型．估算了监测水质指标的超标风险率,并通过拟合优度检验,证明该模型的合理有效性．通过超标风险率的分析,得出在未来时间内,除六价铬较为安全外,氨氮、总磷的超标随机风险率均为100％,COD为99．95％,挥发酚为99．01％．西山河水质超标的风险性极大．应及时预防．     

车辆油气悬挂的阻尼阀设计

根据油气弹簧的结构特点,基于1/4车辆悬挂线性模型,给出了求取悬挂最优线性阻尼的方法,并应用等效线性化方法,确定阻尼阀的结构参数.给出了一种带安全阀的阻尼阀结构方案,利用该方案设计出的阻尼阀体积小、开阀流量大并能承受较大的背压.设计的减振阀已完成台架试验,试验报告通过定型评审.提供的设计方法和结构方案可以作为油气悬挂,特别是重型车辆油气悬挂阻尼阀设计的参考.     

Metformin targets liver tumor-initiating cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR survival pathway

Liver tumor-initiating cells （T-ICs） are thought to be inherently resistant to the cytotoxic effects of chemo- therapy, and can self-renewal and maintain tumor-initiating potential. Therefore, effective anticancer research strategies should target the unique properties of T-ICs. In this study, we found that metformin, a first-line drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, inhibited liver T-ICs both in vivo and in vitro. Metformin inhibited the formation of hepato- spheres and epithelial-specific antigen-positive （ESA, CD133＋） cell colonies by hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） cell lines. Metformin also downregulated the expression of several T-IC-related genes which are involved in the signal- ing pathways, governing the self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of T-ICs. Furthermore, the targeting of liver T-ICs by metformin was PI-3-kinase-Akt-mTOR （PI3K/Akt/ mTOR）-pathway dependent. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitorLY294002 and rapamycin abolished the inhibitory effect of metformin on CD133＋ cells, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR stimulator EGF promoted the inhibitory effect of mefformin on CD 133＋ cells. Metformin also dramatically decreased the tumor volume and number of CD133 expressing tumor cells in a xenograft mouse model. Mefformin exerted a synergistic effect with cisplatin to target both T-ICs and non-T-ICs, and resulted in the smallest tumor volume and lowest number of CD133 expressing tumor cells. This study indicates that the antidiabetic drug metformin could potentially be used in combination therapy with chemotherapeutic agents to improve the treatment of liver cancer.     

Label-free selective sensing of Pb2+ lead(II) sensors based on the aggregation of a pyrene fluorescent probe

In the present work, we report a label-free fluorescence turn-on approach for the sensitive and selective sensing of Pb²⁺. Pyrene with one positive charge was used as the fluorescent probe, and thrombin aptamer (TBA), which was a G-rich oligonucleotide, was employed to form G-quadruplex with lead(II). When TBA and Pb²⁺ were mixed with lead(II) in an aqueous solution, it was folded into a stable G-quadruplex. Subsequently, a single-stranded nucleic acid-specific nuclease S1 was added. The G-quadruplex stabilized by Pb²⁺ lead(II) had markedly a significant resistant ability to nuclease S1 digestion. However, in the absence of Pb²⁺ lead(II), no quadruplex or less stable quadruplex was formed and TBA was digested by nuclease S1 in 3 min under the optimized experimental conditions. Finally, pyrene probe was mixed with oligonucleotide in Pb²⁺ lead(II). Electrostatic interactions between oligonucleotide (a polyanion) and the probe induced the aggregation of the probe, which in turn produced strong emission of the strong pyrene excimer emission. The intensity of the induced excimer emission was directly proportional to the amount of Pb²⁺ added. Our approach shows good selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of Pb²⁺ with a limit of detection limit as low as 800 nmol/L.     

Template/surfactant free and UV light irradiation assisted fabrication of Mn-Co oxides composite nanorings: Structure and synthesis mechanism

A facile, green, cost effective, and template or surfactant free strategy via a two-step route i.e. UV irradiation followed by dissolution-growth for the controlled synthesis of Mn-Co composite nanorings at room temperature was proposed. The nanorings structures and the process were systematically studied via TEM, HRTEM, EDX and XRD. Bir-MnO_2 nanosheets first formed through the direct photolysis of KMnO_4 under UV light irradiation. This was followed by a dissolution-growth process via the dissolution of Bir-MnO_2 nanosheets by the generated H~+ from the redox reaction between the added Co(NO_3)_2 and residual KMnO_4, as well as the accompanied formation of CoOOH, and Mn-Co composite nanorings. It was found that a balance between the dissolution and growth rate was needed. Suitable pH, KMnO_4 presence and the starting nanosheets like Bir-MnO_2 were the key factors for the formation of nanorings. The obtained Mn-Co nanorings/TiO_2 showed enhanced efficiency for the catalytic oxidation of HCHO. Based on the above understandings, it is believed that the developed dissolution-growth method can be adopted for the designing and preparation of other Mn-Co composite nanostructures which can be further applied for environmental pollution remediation.     

从一题多解看中值定理的应用

该文研究了高等数学中中值定理在解题中的应用,分别通过计算题和证明题的实例阐明了四个中值定理的有机联系及应用要点,以帮助学生更深刻地理解和掌握中值定理这一教学的重点和难点。     

窖水中主要无机离子对光催化灭除大肠杆菌(E.coli)的影响研究

采用自主开发的N-TiO_2作为光催化剂,在流动相光催化反应装置中,对窖水中所含Ca~(2+)、Cl~-、CO_3~(2-)、HCO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)等主要无机离子对光催化剂灭除E.coli的影响,以及复配模拟窖水和实际窖水对光催化灭除E.coli的影响进行了实验研究,并分析了其影响机理。实验结果表明:Ca~(2+)、HCO_3~-对光催化灭除E.coli有抑制作用,CO_3~(2-)对光催化灭除E.coli有明显的促进作用,而SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-对光催化灭除E.coli无影响。在对实际窖水进行光催化灭除E.coli菌落总数的实验中,经60min反应,窖水中菌落总数和总大肠菌群均为零,达到国家饮用水卫生标准,说明自主开发的NTiO_2光催化剂在农村窖水深度处理灭除E.coli效果好,可推广应用。     

颗粒材料双轴压缩试验的光弹测试

通过自主设计的柔性边界试验装置对由两种不同粒径组成的光弹颗粒混合系统进行了应变控制式的双轴压缩试验。结合试验数据，利用Hough变换等数字图像处理方法对每个颗粒进行定位，并通过粒子跟踪测速（particle tracking velocimetry，PTV）技术对各颗粒进行编号，实现了对每个颗粒在时间和空间上的连续定位。通过分析颗粒非仿射（non-affine）位移场发现，在应变为25%时，颗粒材料中心位置处颗粒的相对位移非常小（小于3 mm），试样主要通过固定端和压缩端附近以及试样中部靠近边界处的颗粒移动实现变形，而在固定端和压缩端主要以沿压缩方向的位移为主，试样中部靠近变形处的颗粒主要以垂直于压缩方向的位移为主。颗粒材料的光弹效应同时也清晰揭示了颗粒在压缩过程中局部颗粒几乎没有受力的现象。而颗粒中心处的力链也呈现出相对各向同性的性质，密度也相对较小，正是剪切带所穿越的地方。